Lust Greed Power or Religion? Why Did Henry Break with Rome in 1634?

Henry broke with Rome for many different reasons, to begin with was that the Pope wouldn’t let him annul his marriage with Catherine. He only wanted this because he was in love with Anne Boleyn. Another reason was that he was greedy for money because he had lead an extravagant lifestyle and didn’t want to give that up. He was convinced that if he were head of the church he would get incomes from tithes and taxes. He also broke with Rome because he didn’t like the thought of anyone being above him, he wanted to be the one and only king. To solve this he made himself head of the church so he would have power over the church. Lust was an important factor in the Act of Supremacy because Henry had was no longer in love with Catherine of Aragon and was now lusting after Anne Boleyn. Henry was only going after Anne because Catherine could not produce him a boy, as well as the fact that she was getting old and not so pretty. Anne refused to sleep with Henry until she was married to him; consequently Henry tried to annul his marriage with Catherine but the Pope refused. The Pope wouldn’t let Henry annul his marriage since Emperor Charles V was Catherine’s nephew. Henry thought if he made himself supreme head of the church, he could allow himself to pronounce his marriage with Catherine of Aragon sinful in the eyes of God and his child with Anne Boleyn would be legitimate. For Anne had fallen pregnant with Henry’s child after being persuaded into a love affair with Henry VIII. Greed may have affected Henrys decision to overpower the church as Henry was slowly, but surely running out of money,. If Henry controlled the church he would control the amount of taxes and tithes people had to pay, and if he controlled the church Henry could shut down all the monasteries (which he did in a period called `The Dissolution of the Monasteries 1535’) and take all the money and goods from them. Greed was very important because if he did it right he could control everyone in England. The act of first fruits and tenths was a form of tax on clergy taking up church living. To live like this they had to pay a portion of their first years income and a tenth of their profits annually from then on. Originally the money was paid to the apacy, but Henry VIII's Annates Act 1532 diverted the money to the Crown as part of his campaign to pressure the pope into granting him a divorce. Thomas Cromwell set up a special financial administration for these revenues and they later passed under the control of the Exchequer. During the 18th century, these payments formed the basis of Queen Anne's Bount y. Power affected Henrys decision to overrule the church because Henry already had the power to kill people if he felt they were threatening him, you can see this with his response to Luther and Tyndale, but if he controlled the church he could be like an idol to regular folk. Henry obviously got angry when the Pope refused to annul his marriage with Catherine just because Emperor Charles V made him. Power was the main reason he was the kind of King who felt that he should have total power over his subjects but the power of the Catholic church in the 16th century outweighed that of even the most powerful King. Henry saw a way to end that power in England and use it for his own purposes he grabbed this opportunity and thus the reformation begins. Religion most likely affected Henry’s decision to carry out the Act of Supremacy because he wanted England to be a good place with proper religion and a good understanding of the bible. Maybe Henry didn’t do everything for selfish reasons and he could have done it for the greater good. Henry didn’t want to change the Catholic Church at first but after falling in love with Anne he saw the light and saw how much better religion would have been if he changed the church. The Dissolution of the Monasteries was not only to get money it may have been for religious purposes as well. Cromwell found that almost all the monks were breaking their vows and some of them had kids with nuns from the nearby convent. Uncovering all this showed that the Catholic Church was a disgrace and it was time for a new start. Henry saw this and began the Church of England or Protestantism. In conclusion I think that Lust was the most important factor for it seemed to trigger all the different emotions and seemed like it was most affective. I think that religion was the least important because I don’t think he even cared about it and he just cared about having a son.

Market Economy Compared to Planned Economy in Terms

Market economy compared to planned economy in terms of allocating scarce resources By: Habab Mohamed In the purpose of allocating the resources of a certain country, controlling the market flow, adjusting and making the rules and policies to manage the market in addition to the pricing of goods in terms of maintaining an efficient economy growth of a certain country, economists have been struggling to answer the very questioning issue; what is the most effective economy system in terms of allocating scarce resources?Market economy or planned economy. In the debate of which is more effective in terms of allocating scarce resources, since in the two last decades the planned economies have introduced elements of the market mechanism into their economic system, the following paragraphs will briefly define the classifications of economy systems, determine the advantages and disadvantages of Market economy and compare it to the planned economy in terms of allocating scarce resources.Market economy as economists define it, is the economy system in which the country’s economic decisions and all the assumption of market forces such as demand, supply and pricing of goods are the best determinant of what is good for the nation and the country as well. Governments in Market system have a little intervention or central planning, only to the extent that it’s needed to provide stability. All resources in Market economy are owned by people or firms, as a result they only and alone decide what to produce, how much they produce and to what market.When profit is the only and alone reason and motives for all business, demand and supply of goods and services play the main role as a pricing mechanism, which gives the consumer the freedom to choose within a variety of products. People in Market economy countries improve their technical skills and get more knowledge in their professions according to the high competition environment, trying to make more profit or at least trying not to lose their jobs if not developing their careers.This competition environment not only motives people and firms to produce high quality goods or services at the least price in order to take place in the market, but also leads to having more innovations since producers always try to find a new product or to develop an existing one in order to get more profit, also a variety of goods and services are available in a market economy country for the producers to satisfy all the tastes of the consumers, what is directly resulting in the economy growth and the development of the country.As world works out with the opportunities for hard workers to gain money, and for companies to make more profit as long as they can develop their business, foreign investment as a result refreshes the economy when more people and companies get attracted to a certain country. Even more, the power, cost and size of the government dealing with the different types of products or services are likely been saved when they are taken over by the private enterprises in the Market economy.Businesses in countries that have market economy only provides job opportunities for people whom are productive, seeking only for more profit in addition to cutting cost by firing a lot of employees or decrease the labor force to the minimum, thus unemployment rate remains high as more machines and less labor will be used to cut cost. One of the disadvantages of Market economy is that people do not produce some kinds of goods since these goods or services are not profitable, for example; public goods and services such as street lighting.Those services or goods which people want to use but don’t want to pay for, may not be available since the firms or people may not find it profitable to produce, governments have to manage producing such goods and services because they have to be done and people or firms are usually not interested. In Market economy, people and firms might find it profitable producing whatever is in demand regardless the effect on the society, some product are very harmful for the society such as weapons and drugs, this kind of products if is demanded, in free market economy, many people or firms would find it an easy way to get profit and make good business.In addition, the harm could also happen to the society in a different way, as well as in Market economy the prices are free and producers decide in which price they want to sell their products or services, they negatively affect the society, the rich get richer and the poor get poorer. In free market economies, most of the production processes operate through the price mechanism. Market prices might be changed due to underlying conditions changes, consumers as well as producers adjust accordingly to the new ealities. They might not care so much about the reason why the change in price has taken place, they only care about if it has gone up or down. For example, if consumers notice the price of sugar rising, they will immediately respond by economizing on their use of sugar. None of them will care about the reason why the price of sugar rose, whether its supply is decreasing or its demand is increasing.On the other hand, in planned economy, the government decisions drive most of the aspects of a certain country’s economic activities. Government in Planned economy totally control the allocation of the scarce resources, it determines everything from distribution to pricing, while the private enterprises are been alleviated accordingly. Governments in Planned economy have been given a dictatorship control over the resources of the country.The two major drains of the efficiency of planned economy are; the first problem is that the dictions of the planners, government, doesn’t reflect the consumers’ tastes but the tastes of the government planners, there won’t be a variety of products, whether they are goods or services, since the consumers do not partici pate in the dictions making comparing to the market economy which gives the end users the opportunity to choose by offering a number of variety products in the market.Another problem is that the scarce resources get wasted since individuals has no right to own any, the chance of allocating the resources to the most productive uses gets at the least point, compared to the free market economy, the scarce resources could be owned by individuals or private sector, since it’s the best owner to develop a good business out of it and get back with benefits to the country’s economy growth.Planned economy can provide stability by controlling the prices, but it limits the growth of the country’s economy and the development since governments in planned economy does not allocate the scarce resources to the innovative minds.Recently, planned economies have introduced some free market economy’s mechanisms into their economy system, such as giving shares to private compa nies or individuals in a certain public probable business, converting planned economy almost to a mixed economy system, this fact clearly shows that free market economy is better than planned economy in terms of allocating scarce, since the whole global economy is now turning into market economy. Thank you

Education in the United States Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Education in the United States - Coursework Example The schools have adequate resources coupled with teachers to handle the pressure from the public. Given the above features, every American has the right of access to education with the government safeguarding effectiveness of the system of education in the country as the discussion below shows. I think that every individual has the same kind of academic education. The country has a system of education that strives to empower the learners thereby making them economically viable. While doing this, the policy makers in the country appreciate the role of education in creating a cultural identity. As such, they have created a system where learners go through the same system and accessing the same kind of education. At primary levels, for example, learners in the education system undergo a liberal arts education that provides the learners with holistic understanding and intellectual background in a number of fields (Theodoulou, 2003). The system is appropriate for determining the strengths and weaknesses of the learners. Additionally, the learners take part in a number of physical education that strives to identify and develop their talents. As the learners advance their education, they begin to specialize as the transition to a vocational form of training. The training is appropriate in aligning the capabilities of the learners to the demands of the economy. Through vocational training, learners acquire appropriate skills that relate to their respective jobs through technical training. This orients the learners to the economy thus making them productive individuals once they complete the education systems (Radin & Hawley, 1988). The education system in the country is a combination of the two system with the citizens enjoying the right to access depending on both their both abilities and interests. The government continues to provide support to the citizens in a number of ways

Complete standardisation of offerings and marketing interactions in Essay

Complete standardisation of offerings and marketing interactions in International Marketing strategy is always the main goal - Essay Example The standardization of the marketing interaction sets a bench mark upon the company by the company itself as it will market in a standardized and planned manner irrespective of the economic conditions prevailing in different markets. The offers that the company make to the customers should be globally available to all of the customers around the world. This will set standard for the company as to operate with more efficiency as the target market that they are covering does not restricts to a single economic conditions but the company will be operating internationally and thus will have to perform accordingly. Companies when operating internationally are competing internationally at the same time. Companies faces much intense and severe competition when operating internationally as the quantity of competitors increase and so do the level of competition. Standardizing the offerings and marketing interactions strengthens the brand around the world and thus enforces a self-level of stand ardization so as to maintain the company image and brand worth. World is now a global village. The businesses operates around the globe. Multinational way of operation is encouraged and almost every business is aiming to go global. When the business is multinational it faces many things. The diversified market, customers, products, laws and regulations, work force and many more (Hamilton & Wood, 2009). Due to this globalization, one of the major factor is the diversified labor that is available to the businesses. Socializing The world is going global with intervention and advancement of technology. Technology has removed many of the barriers and economic boundaries thus enabling companies to operate internationally. Consumers and potential customers are easy to reach. Access to different parts of the world is possible with much ease. In this modern era the scope of the business is limitless as there are a range of opportunities for the businesses to avail and in order to fully utili ze the resources the businesses need to be socially active so as to determine the possibilities and opportunities on timely basis and get advantage out of them. There are many platforms where a business can publicize and advertise on the social networks provided by the technology. Social interactions is essential so as to remove the barriers and make the new possibilities utilizable in a sense that benefits the most. The social networking of a business is crucial for its growth as it creates the brand worth and highlights and make people aware of its products hence providing an effective source of marketing (Holden, 2004). Social media is transforming the way business is carried out. A recent study by the Internet Advertising Bureau UK found that nearly 80% of consumers would be more inclined to buy more often in the future because of a brand's presence on social media. Social media is one of the major source to market every kind of product. Companies make websites and share their l inks on social networking websites so as to make their advertising more effective and beneficial. The social websites has millions of users and hence millions of potential customers for the businesses which advertise their products on those websites. It is the advancement of the technology that made social networking

State Aid Cases Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

State Aid Cases - Essay Example State aid is composed of four components which are vital for it to be considered a state aid. A state aid must be granted by the member state or through its state resources with regard to stated rules. It can be delegated to the department of state like the municipalities or even the regions of the state. The undertakings of state aid are made public since it’s considered imputable to the state due to the state resources involved. The undertaking of state aid is done in favor of certain production of goods and services due to its selective advantage. Thus, the recipient of state aid is to solve an economic activity thus enhancing the provision of goods and services despite its legal framework. The state aid rules apply to both private and public undertakings weather its run for profit or not. Mandate of the commission on state aid The state aid procedure is developed to ensure smooth and orderly operations of thus avoiding several state aid cases which are likely to come up (E U, 2012). According to EU working paper, the state aid measures and schemes must be notified and approved by the commission before its commencement. The commission the looks at the guidelines and considers its effects before approval. The commission is thus mandated to oversee the adherence of the state aid undertakings with the rules so as to minimize conflicts as possible (Salmon, 2012). Any state aid done without the approval of the commission is considered unlawful and may be recovered without notice. The commission always approves the state aid measures within a period of two months from the period of notification (Salmon, 2012). The commission is mandated to decide whether a measure is aided or not or whether it is added but compatible with market forces and also to investigate the effects of the market forces. The commission is mandated to begin an investigation procedure and carry out an assessment as to determine possible grounds of compatibility. The commission less restri cted with when it comes to investigations and thus able to carry out investigations any time it deems appropriate. The final commission decision closes its formal investigation and it then makes recommendations regarding its findings. The commission recommends whether a measure is an aid and if its aid, the commission determines if it’s compatible with the market forces (Salmon, 2012). Competition Policy in EU. The experience of the global financial crisis of 2008 and is reinforcing a need for dialogue between the policy makers and the relevant stakeholders (ERT, 2012). Its recommendations are to provide better conditions for growth and investments thus promoting entrepreneurship and job creation. It calls for the need to address the effects of globalization, technological changes as well as emerging economic powers that pose challenge societies face. The EU competition policy is crucial to the internal market since it determines the pattern of investment and the levels of pr ofits to be made from businesses (ERT, 2012). The policy aims at preventing jeopardy in the market especially in times of economic crisis and thus ensuring stability in the market. The adoption of EU competition policy ensures a fair competition in the global scale and thus ultimately benefiting both the producers’

Generation Z Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Generation Z - Essay Example Concurrently, most of my peers, including me, exemplify the principle of social security through adeptness and acumen on technological gadgets and applications. It is in this particular generation that most of the technological gadgets pertaining to telecommunications abound. When computers were large, bulky and immovable during the times of generation X; personal computers, laptops, and other technology gadgets seem to be produced in portable smaller versions to be pocketed and brought anywhere and everywhere. Peers and friends are seen to exchange and share information on their latest smartphones, iPads (tablets), portable media players (iPods), Kindle, and other digital media gadgets. The members of the previous generation could be oblivious of discerning one version from the other of one particular gadget (smartphones, for instance); yet, to this generation z, recognition of the feature, specifications, and applications of all updated digital media gadgets is natural to us. Thus, possessing one or more of these technological gadgets affirm the principle of social belongingness through proving that their capabilities enable immediate access to our whereabouts, if ever and whenever, needed. Finally, another proof that this generation longs to be part of a social group is the innate desire to become affiliated with peers of similar age groups through sharing similarities in sports activities and entertainment: music, films, and physical fitness programs, on a more global sphere.

Personel Finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Personel Finance - Essay Example In the event that I lose my job and I do not have a source of income, I will adjust my financial lifestyles, budget and the financial plans that I have. The following analysis will look at the specific steps and how my new lifestyle will be like. The loss of job will be characterized by decline in my income; hence difficulties in making my ends meet. The first will be to accept this new situation and discuss it with my important people in my life. I will adjust my budget so that I only spend my money on the basics of the life and only on what I can afford at the current economic status. This means I will adjust from spending on the things that do not bring any value in life at current status. For example I will stop going out or adjust to going out to the places that I can comfortably afford. I will invest the remaining resources to get another source of income such as securing another job or any income generating project. I will stop buying expensive clothes and only buy the basics. On the long term basis, this will affect my expected investments such as building my own